AITRL Protein, Human
SKU: 78404229581

AITRL Protein, Human

Sale price$162.00 Regular price$180.00
Save 10%

Shipping Estimate
USA
  • USA
  • CAN

Ships within 48 hours · Estimated delivery Jul 6 - Jul 11

Promo Codes Available:

For Your Every Summer RSVP, with Code: SUMMER15

Description

AITRL Protein, HumanProduct Specification Species Human Synonyms rHuActivation inducible TNF related Ligand AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL 6; rHuAITRL Accession Q9UNG2 Amino Acid Sequence Glu52 Ser177 Expression System E. coli Molecular Weight 14 kDa (Reducing) Purity 95% by SDS PAGE Endotoxin <0. 1EU g Conjugation Unconjugated Tag No Tag Physical Appearance Lyophilized Powder Storage Buffer PBS, pH7. 4. Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0. 1 1 mg ml according to the size in

Product Specification


Species Human
Synonyms rHuActivation-inducible TNF-related Ligand/AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL-6; rHuAITRL
Accession Q9UNG2
Amino Acid Sequence Glu52-Ser177
Expression System E.coli
Molecular Weight 14 kDa (Reducing)
Purity >95% by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin <0.1EU/μg
Conjugation Unconjugated
Tag No Tag
Physical Appearance Lyophilized Powder
Storage Buffer PBS, pH7.4.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0.1-1 mg/ml according to the size in ultrapure water after rapid centrifugation.
Stability & Storage · 12 months from date of receipt, lyophilized powder stored at -20 to -80℃.
· 3 months, -20 to -80℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
· 1 week, 2 to 8℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
· Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Reference

Tian J, et al. The Role of GITR/GITRL Interaction in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 9;11:588682.
Park MS, et al. The association of the activation-inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand with lumbar disc herniation. Yonsei Med J. 2007 Oct 31;48(5):839-46.
Lacal PM, et al. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related ligand triggering upregulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and promotes leukocyte adhesion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013 Oct;347(1):164-72.
Wang F, et al. Structures of mouse and human GITR-GITRL complexes reveal unique TNF superfamily interactions. Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 2;12(1):1378.

Background

AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). GITR, a member of the TNFR superfamily, is expressed in T cells, natural killer cells and some myeloid cells. And GITRL is mainly expressed on antigen presenting cells (B cells, dendritic cells), macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs). When GITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. The interaction stimulates proliferation and cytokine production of both CD4+ Teff and Treg cells, and drives antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells. Besides, GITRL plays a role in EC-activation and promotes adhesion in both mice and humans, which increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the augmented expression of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.

Shipping Notes
  • Free Standard Shipping on $100+ Orders to the USA.
  • Except Preorder products are shipped in 48 hours.
  • Delivery to the USA:
  1. Standard Shipping : 3-10 business days
  • If time is of the essence, please consider selecting expedited delivery for faster service.
Exchange/Return Notes
  • We offer a 30-day return/exchange service after receiving.
  • Final sale items are not eligible for returns or exchanges.
  • To process your return/exchange, please contact us at [email protected]
  • Please click here for more details>>> Return & Exchange Policy
SKU: 78404229581

Discover Niche Categories That Outsell

Top-Converting Item to Boost Your Average Order

4.3 ★★★★★
Based on 2049 reviews
Sort
Highest Rating
Newest First
Oldest First
Product Reviews
M
Verified Purchase
michael parsley
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 5
Super tough
Color: Red Warthog
My dogs love these toys!!!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2026
A
Verified Purchase
Amazon Customer
Grantham, US
★★★★★ 5
Long lasting play toy!
Color: Multicolor
Tuffy toys in general are great and they are a pretty good deal on Amazon. They are not indestructible, and if your dogs use them as chew toys they will eventually break through. My dogs have had this Armadillo since Christmas (and they do chew on it some) and the only thing missing is an ear. They like to play tug-of-war with it a lot. This is a bigger toy, but even my forty pound dog plays with it. I would not recommend this toy for dogs smaller than Border Collie size. You can make these Tuffy toys last longer if you don't allow your dogs to chew them--when your dogs starts chewing on non-chew toys trade them for a chew toy and when you catch your dog chewing on a chew-approved toy reward them for chewing. Eventually your dog will catch on and realize that if they want to chew there are certain toys that are allowed for that. In addition to being a great play toy this is a pretty cute toy too!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on June 30, 2015
A
Verified Purchase
Amazon Customer
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 1
Not Tuff
Color: Black Yellow Phrog, Color: Black Yellow Phrog
Absolutely terrible and not “tuff” at all. My chocolate lab had this thing destroyed in less than two hours. I would not recommend these for the price.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on April 11, 2026
C
Verified Purchase
Carrie Ann Moore
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 3
Cute but Not Durable
Color: 2PK Green Leaping Phrog
⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ Cute but Not Durable Super cute toy—my dogs loved it right away! Unfortunately, they chewed the head off within a few hours. I ordered a second one because they were so into it, but the same thing happened again. I won’t be ordering a third, but they still play with their two headless frogs. So while it’s not the most durable, it definitely kept them entertained!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2025
L
Verified Purchase
Lauren
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 3
Puppy loves! Supposed to be part of a set though??
Style: Coconut Tree
Bought this simply because we named our puppy Coco and was on a roll ordering her toys… she ended up absolutely LOVING this tiny palm tree!! Maybe because of the size and she was able to really handle it, she takes it everywhere with her and loves the squeaker. HOWEVER, the item is a lot smaller than I expected when ordering for almost $10 and the plastic packaging it came in says “not intended for individual sale, part of a pack” so I would not purchase from this seller again. I will maybe try to find this included with the intended set of toys.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2022

recommand products